Examinando por Materia "Imagen por resonancia magnética"
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Publicación Acceso abierto Anatomía del cerebelo en imágenes de resonancia magnética cerebral con correlación funcional(Fundación Universitaria Sanitas, 2018-09) Acosta Rosas, Luis Manuel Alejandro; Nieto Taborda, Karen Natalí; González Ramírez, Aura Virginia; Ovalle Daza, Luis Felipe; Mora Salazar, Juan Andrés; Tramontini Jens, CarolinaEl cerebelo es un órgano motor ubicado en la fosa posterior, en estrecha relación con el tallo cerebral. Su función principal es ser auxiliar en el comienzo de los movimientos voluntarios así como la modulación de estos. Está compuesto por el vermis centralmente y los dos hemisferios cerebelosos laterales al vermis. Se encuentra irrigado principalmente por tres arterias: cerebelosa posteroinferior, cerebelosa anteroinferior y cerebelosa superior. El objetivo de este artículo es realizar una revisión de la anatomía funcional del cerebelo y su correlación en neuroimágenes.Publicación Acceso abierto Demencia rápidamente progresiva como manifestación de recaída en linfoma de células del manto: experiencia en diagnóstico y tratamiento(Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Neurología, Liga Ecuatoriana Contra la Epilepsia, 2019-03) Gutiérrez Baquero, Julián; Duran Ayllon, Juan Pablo; Silva Soler, MiguelIntroducción: La demencia rápidamente progresiva es una entidad que tiene una etiología múltiple y heterogénea. Se caracteriza por la alteración de dos o mas dominios cognitivos en un periodo menor de 1 a 2 años. El compromiso del sistema nervioso central por el linfoma de células del manto es poco frecuente, de mal pronostico y debuta principalmente en las fases tardías de la enfermedad como una recaída. Caso Clínico: Varón de 61 años con antecedente de linfoma de células del manto quien presenta una recaída asociada al sistema nervioso central que debuta como demencia rápidamente progresiva y se confirma por estudios de citometría de flujo en liquido cefalorraquídeo. Presenta una adecuada respuesta al manejo con un inhibidor de la tirosina quinasa (Ibrutinib), resolviendo la sintomatología clínica y los hallazgos imagenológicos. Discusión: El compromiso del sistema nervioso central secundario al linfoma de células del manto es una complicación poco frecuente y debuta como una recaída con manifestaciones clínicas variables que requieren de una intervención oportuna con el objetivo de mejorar la supervivencia del paciente. La terapia con un agente único como el Ibrutinib parece ser una buena opción en casos de refractariedad y compromiso neurológico.Publicación Acceso abierto Establishing an acquisition and processing protocol for resting state networks with a 1.5 T scanner: A case series in a middle-income country(Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc., 2020-06)Objective: The aim of this study was to characterize the capability of detection of the resting state networks (RSNs) with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in healthy subjects using a 1.5T scanner in a middle-income country. Materialsandmethods:Ten subjects underwent a complete blood-oxygen-level dependent imaging (BOLD) acquisition on a 1.5T scanner. For the imaging analysis, we used the spatial independent component analysis (sICA). We designed a computer tool for 1.5 T (or above) scanners for imaging processing. We used it to separate and delineate the different components of the RSNs of the BOLD signal. The sICA was also used to differentiate the RSNs from noise artifact generated by breathing and cardiac cycles. Results: For each subject, 20 independent components (IC) were computed from the sICA (a total of 200 ICs). From these ICs, a spatial pattern consistent with RSNs was identified in 161 (80.5%). From the 161, 131 (65.5%) were fit for study. The networks that were found in all subjects were: the default mode network, the right executive control network, the medial visual network, and the cerebellar network. In 90% of the subjects, the left executive control network and the sensory/motor network were observed. The occipital visual network was present in 80% of the subjects. In 39 (19.5%) of the images, no any neural network was identified. Conclusions: Reproduction and differentiation of the most representative RSNs was achieved using a 1.5T scanner acquisitions and sICA processing of BOLD imaging in healthy subjects. Abbreviations: AAN = Arousal Network Atlas, AAn = ascending arousal network, ADC = apparent diffusion coefficient, AIC = analysis of independent component, AN = auditory network, BOLD = blood-oxygen-level dependent, CBLN = the cerebellar network, DIPY = diffusion imaging in python, DMN = default mode network, DOC = disorder of consciousness, DTI = diffusion tensor imaging, DTT = diffusion tensor tractography, DWI = diffusion weighted imaging, FA = fractional anisotropy, FC = functional connectivity, FSL = FMRIB Software Library, LECN = left executive control network, LMICs = low-to-middle income countries, LVN = lateral visual network, MoCA = Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MVN = medial visual network, ODF = orientation distribution function, OVN = occipital visual network, RECN = right executive control network, RF = reticular formation, ROI = region of interest,Publicación Sólo datos Infarto bitalámico por trombosis venosa cerebral profunda hallazgos clínicos y radiológicos(Sociedad de Cirugía de Bogotá, Hospital de San José y Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud, 2019-07-01) Bello, Leonardo; Silva, Miguel; Triana, Javier; Zabaleta, Mario; Anzola, Katherin; Abrajim, Stefany; Palacios, EduardoÍtem Acceso abierto Lesión esplénica reversible con encefalopatía/encefalitis leve (MERS)(Asociación Colombiana de Neurología, 2016-12) Duarte Moreno, Marvid Sol; Bobadilla, Edna Julieth; Vásquez Hoyos, Pablo; Roa Giraldo, Juan DavidThe Reversible Splenial Lesions Syndrome (RESLES) has been described as a transient lesion in a group of diseases with special clinical and radiological features and with a good prognosis. An encephalopathy with a reversible splenium of the corpus callosum lesion (MERS) is part of these diseases. We present a case report of an 11 years old female with a febrile prodromal phase that evolved into an altered state of consciousness. Simple brain MRI findings comprise a lesion in the splenium of the corpus callosum, hypointense on T1, hyperintense on T2 and FLAIR, with restricted diffusion on ADC. The clinical symptoms and radiological findings resolved after 4 weeks. The clinical course and images of this case are typical presentation of MERS. This entity has a low incidence and not very renowned in our country, for this reason, the diagnosis is difficult in most cases.Publicación Acceso abierto Septic embolism: the importance of an adequate clinical approach: a case report, Bogota, Colombia(MedCrave Group, 2016-06) Clavijo Prado, Carlos Andrés; Hernández Reina, Leonardo Fabio; Gicale Adarna, LeilaneNeurological complications of infectious endocarditis have a high prevalence globally and its clinical presentation remains a clinical challenge. A previously healthy 36-year old male presented at the emergency room with persistent fever and headache. The patient was referred to Neurology section after initial diagnostics and treatment. They detected abnormal skin lesions and cardiac murmur. Based on the presentation and abnormal physical examination findings, their impression was an embolic process with infectious etiology prompting medical treatment. Patient was concomitantly referred to Cardiology section and infective endocarditis was confirmed by echocardiogram. Cranial Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) confirmed an ischemic embolic process. Successful surgical treatment followed. This highlights the importance of good clinical history and physical examination as the cornerstone of diagnosis, even for the clinically challenging cases. Good clinical approach and appropriate use of imaging technology greatly benefited the patient by allowing early diagnosis and treatment hence prevention of further complications.Publicación Sólo datos Signos de alarma en neuralgia del trigémino(Sociedad de Cirugía de Bogotá, Hospital de San José y Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud, 2019-10-25) Bello Davila, Leonardo; Anzola Rincon, Katherine; Palacios Sánchez, Eduardo; Silva Soler, MiguelÍtem Acceso abierto Structural and functional connectivity of ascending reticular activating system in a patient with impaired consciousness after a cardiac arrest. A case report(Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc., 2019-04-17) Parra Morales, Alejandra M.; Rudas, Jorge; Vargas, Jorge A.; Gómez, Francisco; Enciso Olivera, César O.; Trujillo Rodríguez, Diana; Martínez, Darwin; Hernández, José; Ordóñez Rubiano, Edgar G.; Marín Muñoz, Jorge H.Abstract Rationale: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), diffusion tensor tractography (DTT), as well as resting-state-functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) are promising methods for assessing patients with disorders of consciousness (DOCs). Patient concerns: This work describes the main findings using DTI, DTT, and rsfMRI in a patient with a DOC secondary to an anoxic encephalopathy who had a fatal outcome. She was an 85-year-old woman who presented a cardiac arrest and underwent cardiopulmonary resuscitation for 20 minutes then returning to spontaneous circulation. After sedation withdrawal, 2 days after the event, she remained with a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 3/15 and with an absence of brainstem reflexes. Diagnoses: DOC secondary to an anoxic encephalopathy after cardiovascular resuscitation. Interventions: A complete brain MRI scan was performed 72 hours after the initial event, including DTI, DTT, and rsfMRI. DTT demonstrated disruption of both ventral and dorsal tegmental tracts bilaterally. DTI showed a reduction of fractional anisotropic level in the mesencephalic nuclei. Moreover, changes in the number of fiber tracts were not evidenced in any portions of the ascending reticular activating system (ARAS). Finally, an increase in the anticorrelated and correlated association among the nuclei in the ARAS and the cortex was evidenced. Outcomes: Patient deceased. Lessons: Neuroimaging demonstrated low FA values in the ARAS, destruction of dorsal and ventral tegmental tracts, as well as hyper-connective (highly correlated or anti-correlated) association among ARAS and cortical nuclei compared with 3 healthy control subjects. Abbreviations: AAN = Arousal Network Atlas, ADC = apparent diffusion coefficient, ARAS = ascending reticular activating system, BOLD = blood-oxygen-level dependent imaging, DIPY = Diffusion Imaging in Python, DOC = disorder of consciousness, DTI = diffusion tensor imaging, DTT = diffusion tensor tractography, DWI = diffusion weighted imaging, FA = fractional anisotropy, FC = functional connectivity, FSL = FMRIB Software Library, ODF = orientation distribution function, ROI = region of interest, rsfMRI = resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, TBI = traumatic brain injury.